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Because H.264 encoders required significant computing power, software encoders run on general CPU are typically slow, especially dealing with HD contents. To offload the CPU and/or to do realtime encoding, hardware encoders are employed.
A hardware H.264 encoder can be an ASIC or an FPGA. An FPGA is a general programmable chip. To use an FPGA as a hardware encoder, an H.264 encoder IP is required. As technology evolves, a full HD (main profile, level 4.1, 1080p, 30fps) H.264 encoder can run on a single chip of low cost FPGA in 2009.
ASIC encoders with H.264 encoder function are available from many different semiconductor companies, but the H.264 encoder IP used in the ASIC are mostly licensed from a few IP vendors. Some H.264 IP vendors' IP are for FPGA or ASIC only, and some are for both FPGA and ASIC.[21]
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